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Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) - Fiji (2001)

Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) z Fiji (2001)

 Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006)Fiji (2001)
 Cocos (Keeling) IslandsFiji
Administrative divisions none (territory of Australia) 4 divisions and 1 dependency*; Central, Eastern, Northern, Rotuma*, Western
Age structure 0-14 years: NA


15-64 years: NA


65 years and over: NA (2006 est.)
0-14 years:
32.92% (male 141,724; female 136,216)

15-64 years:
63.52% (male 268,411; female 267,871)

65 years and over:
3.56% (male 14,007; female 16,101) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts sugarcane, coconuts, cassava (tapioca), rice, sweet potatoes, bananas; cattle, pigs, horses, goats; fish
Airports 1 (2006) 27 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006)
total:
3

over 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
24

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
4

under 914 m:
19 (2000 est.)
Area total: 14 sq km


land: 14 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island
total:
18,270 sq km

land:
18,270 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly smaller than New Jersey
Background There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William KEELING discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island. Fiji became independent in 1970, after nearly a century as a British colony. Democratic rule was interrupted by two military coups in 1987, caused by concern over a government perceived as dominated by the Indian community (descendants of contract laborers brought to the islands by the British in the 19th century). A 1990 constitution favored native Melanesian control of Fiji, but led to heavy Indian emigration; the population loss resulted in economic difficulties, but ensured that Melanesians became the majority. Amendments enacted in 1997 made the constitution more equitable. Free and peaceful elections in 1999 resulted in a government led by an Indo-Fijian, but a coup in May of 2000 ushered in a prolonged period of political turmoil. New elections are scheduled for August 2001.
Birth rate NA 23.33 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA
revenues:
$610 million

expenditures:
$501 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)
Capital name: West Island


geographic coordinates: 12 10 S, 96 55 E


time difference: UTC+6.5 (11.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Suva
Climate tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation
Coastline 26 km 1,129 km
Constitution Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 (23 November 1955) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992 10 October 1970 (suspended 1 October 1987); a new constitution was proposed on 23 September 1988 and promulgated on 25 July 1990; amended 25 July 1997 to allow nonethnic Fijians greater say in government and to make multiparty government mandatory; entered into force 28 July 1998; note - the May 1999 election was the first test of the amended constitution and introduced open voting - not racially prescribed - for the first time at the national level
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands


conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands
conventional long form:
Republic of the Fiji Islands

conventional short form:
Fiji
Currency - Fijian dollar (FJD)
Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population 5.75 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external - $193 million (1998)
Dependency status non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission:
Ambassador Osman M. SIDDIQUE

embassy:
31 Loftus Street, Suva

mailing address:
P. O. Box 218, Suva

telephone:
[679] 314466

FAX:
[679] 300081
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission:
Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires ad interim Salaseini Lelelvawalu VOSAILAGI

chancery:
Suite 240, 2233 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007

telephone:
[1] (202) 337-8320

FAX:
[1] (202) 337-1996
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $NA $40.3 million (1995)
Economy - overview Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry. Fiji, endowed with forest, mineral, and fish resources, is one of the most developed of the Pacific island economies, though still with a large subsistence sector. Sugar exports and a growing tourist industry are the major sources of foreign exchange. Sugar processing makes up one-third of industrial activity. Roughly 300,000 tourists visit each year, including thousands of Americans following the start of regularly scheduled non-stop air service from Los Angeles. Fiji's growth slowed in 1997 because the sugar industry suffered from low world prices and rent disputes between farmers and landowners. Drought in 1998 further damaged the sugar industry, but its recovery in 1999 contributed to robust GDP growth. Long-term problems include low investment and uncertain property rights. The political turmoil in Fiji has had a severe impact with the economy shrinking by 8% in 1999 and over 7,000 people losing their jobs. The interim government's 2001 budget is an attempt to attract foreign investment and restart economic activity. The government's ability to manage the budget and fulfill predictions of 4% growth for 2001 will depend on a return to stability, a regaining of investor confidence, and the absence of international sanctions (which could cripple Fiji's sugar and textile industry).
Electricity - consumption - 474.3 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production - 510 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
17.65%

hydro:
82.35%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 5 m
lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Tomanivi 1,324 m
Environment - current issues fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs deforestation; soil erosion
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Europeans, Cocos Malays Fijian 51% (predominantly Melanesian with a Polynesian admixture), Indian 44%, European, other Pacific Islanders, overseas Chinese, and other 5% (1998 est.)
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001) Fijian dollars per US dollar - 2.1814 (January 2001), 2.1286 (2000), 1.9696 (1999), 1.9868 (1998), 1.4437 (1997), 1.4033 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general


head of government: Administrator (nonresident) Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006)


cabinet: NA


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
note:
armed ethnic Fijian terrorists, led by George SPEIGHT stormed the Parliament building on 19 May 2000; ethnic Indo-Fijian Prime Minister Mahendra CHAUDHRY and his government were held hostage for 56 days; following the attempted coup, the Commander of the Fiji Military Forces, naval Commodore Frank BAINIMARAMA declared martial law and dissolved the government on 29 May 2000; an interim government, headed by interim Prime Minister Laisenia QARASE, was appointed to serve until a new constitution was initiated and subsequent elections held; in November 2000, Fiji's High Court upheld the 1997 constitution and ruled that Ratu Sir Kamisese MARA remained the president; Justice Anthony GATES concluded that MARA should recall the pre-May 19th Parliament and appoint a prime minister to form a new government; the Fiji Court of Appeals upheld GATES' decision on 1 March 2001; it ruled that the 1997 constitution had not been abrogated, Parliament had not been dissolved, only prorogued for six months, and that the presidency remained vacant since MARA's resignation took effect 15 December 2000; President Ratu Josefa ILOILO reinstated QARASE's interim government as the caretaker government and elections were scheduled for August 2001; approximately 23 fluid political parties are currently jockeying for power

chief of state:
President Ratu Josefa ILOILO (since NA 2000); Vice President Jope SENILOLI (since NA 2000)

head of government:
Prime Minister Laisenia QARASE (since NA 2000); Deputy Prime Minister Epeli NAILATIKAU (since NA 2000)

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the prime minister from among the members of Parliament and is responsible to Parliament; note -there is also a Presidential Council that advises the president on matters of national importance and a Great Council of Chiefs which consists of the highest ranking members of the traditional chiefly system

elections:
president elected by the Great Council of Chiefs for a five-year term; prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
Ratu Josefa ILOILO elected president by the Great Council of Chiefs; percent of vote - NA%
Exports $NA $537 million (f.o.b., 1999)
Exports - commodities copra sugar, garments, gold, timber, fish
Exports - partners Australia (2004) Australia 33.1%, US 14.8%, UK 13.8%, other Pacific island countries 8.8%, NZ 4.5%, Japan 4.5% (1999)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June calendar year
Flag description the flag of Australia is used light blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Fijian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield depicts a yellow lion above a white field quartered by the cross of Saint George featuring stalks of sugarcane, a palm tree, bananas, and a white dove
GDP - purchasing power parity - $5.9 billion (1999 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture:
16%

industry:
30%

services:
54% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $7,300 (1999 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - -8% (1999 est.)
Geographic coordinates 12 30 S, 96 50 E 18 00 S, 175 00 E
Geography - note islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation includes 332 islands of which approximately 110 are inhabited
Highways - total:
3,440 km

paved:
1,692 km

unpaved:
1,748 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports $NA $653 million (f.o.b., 1999)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment, petroleum products, food, chemicals
Imports - partners Australia (2004) Australia 41.9%, US 14%, NZ 13.3%, Japan 4.8%, Taiwan 1.9% (1999)
Independence none (territory of Australia) 10 October 1970 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate - 2.9% (1995)
Industries copra products and tourism tourism, sugar, clothing, copra, gold, silver, lumber, small cottage industries
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
14.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 0% (1999 est.)
International organization participation none ACP, AsDB, C, CCC, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNIKOM, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNTAET, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 2 (2000)
Irrigated land NA 10 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president)
Labor force NA 235,000
Labor force - by occupation note: the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others subsistence agriculture 67%, wage earners 18%, salary earners 15% (1987)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
arable land:
10%

permanent crops:
4%

permanent pastures:
10%

forests and woodland:
65%

other:
11% (1993 est.)
Languages Malay (Cocos dialect), English English (official), Fijian, Hindustani
Legal system based upon the laws of Australia and local laws based on British system
Legislative branch unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats)


elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held in May 2005 (next to be held in May 2007)
bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (32 seats; 14 appointed by the Great Council of Chiefs, nine appointed by the prime minister, eight appointed by the leader of the opposition, and one appointed by the council of Rotuma) and the House of Representatives (71 seats; 23 reserved for ethnic Fijians, 19 reserved for ethnic Indians, three reserved for other ethnic groups, one reserved for the council of Rotuma constituency encompassing the whole of Fiji, and 25 open; members serve five-year terms)

elections:
House of Representatives - last held 11 May 1999 (next to be held NA May 2004)

election results:
House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Fiji Labor Party 37, others 34
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total population:
68.25 years

male:
65.83 years

female:
70.78 years (2001 est.)
Literacy NA definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
91.6%

male:
93.8%

female:
89.3% (1995 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka Oceania, island group in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Map references Southeast Asia Oceania
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
measured from claimed archipelagic baselines

continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation; rectilinear shelf claim added

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine - total:
6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 11,870 GRT/14,787 DWT

ships by type:
chemical tanker 2, passenger 1, petroleum tanker 1, roll on/roll off 1, specialized tanker 1 (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory has a five-person police force -
Military branches - Republic of Fiji Military Forces (RFMF; includes ground and naval forces)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $24 million (FY98)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1.1% (FY98)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
227,599 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
125,238 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
9,471 (2001 est.)
National holiday Australia Day, 26 January (1788) Independence Day, second Monday of October (1970)
Nationality noun: Cocos Islander(s)


adjective: Cocos Islander
noun:
Fijian(s)

adjective:
Fijian
Natural hazards cyclone season is October to April cyclonic storms can occur from November to January
Natural resources fish timber, fish, gold, copper, offshore oil potential, hydropower
Net migration rate NA -3.45 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders none Fiji Labor Party or FLP [Mahendra CHAUDHRY]; Fijian Nationalist Federation Party or NFP [Singh RAKKA]; Fijian Political Party or SVT (primarily Fijian) [Maj. Gen. Sitiveni RABUKA]; National Federation Party or NFP (primarily Indian) [Jai Ram REDDY]; United General Party or UGP [David PICKERING]
Political pressure groups and leaders none NA
Population 574 (July 2006 est.) 844,330 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate 0% (2006 est.) 1.41% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - Lambasa, Lautoka, Levuka, Savusavu, Suva
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2004) AM 13, FM 40, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 500,000 (1997)
Railways - total:
597 km; note - belongs to the government-owned Fiji Sugar Corporation

narrow gauge:
597 km 0.610-m gauge (1995)
Religions Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.) Christian 52% (Methodist 37%, Roman Catholic 9%), Hindu 38%, Muslim 8%, other 2%

note:
Fijians are mainly Christian, Indians are Hindu, and there is a Muslim minority (1986)
Sex ratio - at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.87 male(s)/female

total population:
1.01 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage NA 21 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system


domestic: NA


international: country code - 61; telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 INTELSAT satellite earth station
general assessment:
modern local, interisland, and international (wire/radio integrated) public and special-purpose telephone, telegraph, and teleprinter facilities; regional radio communications center

domestic:
NA

international:
access to important cable links between US and Canada as well as between NZ and Australia; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 287 (1992) 72,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular note - analog cellular service available 5,200 (1997)
Television broadcast stations NA NA
Terrain flat, low-lying coral atolls mostly mountains of volcanic origin
Total fertility rate NA 2.86 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 60% (2000 est.) 6% (1997 est.)
Waterways - 203 km

note:
122 km navigable by motorized craft and 200-metric-ton barges
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